Search results for "density [charge]"

showing 10 items of 318 documents

Nonexposed Variant of Bisphosphonate-associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Case Series

2010

Abstract Purpose To report a case series of patients with the nonexposed variant of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw—a form of jaw osteonecrosis that does not manifest with necrotic bone exposure/mucosal fenestration. Methods Among 332 individuals referred to 5 clinical centers in Europe because of development of jawbone abnormalities after or during exposure to bisphosphonates, we identified a total of 96 patients who presented with the nonexposed variant of osteonecrosis. Relevant data were obtained via clinical notes; radiological investigations; patients' history, and referral letters. Results The most common clinical feature of nonexposed osteonecrosis was jaw bone pa…

OsteochemonecrosisMaleTime FactorsAvascular necrosisMandibleAvascular necrosiEpidemiologyMaxillaProspective cohort studyMultiple myelomaAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyAlendronateBone Density Conservation AgentsDiphosphonatesOsteochemonecrosiOsteonecrosisGeneral MedicineBisphosphonatesMiddle AgedKidney NeoplasmsEuropeAvascular necrosisFemaleMultiple MyelomaAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationJawsBreast NeoplasmsSettore MED/28 - Malattie OdontostomatologicheJawbonesmedicineHumansBisphosphonateeducationAgedBisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jawbusiness.industryProstatic NeoplasmsAvascular necrosis; Bisphosphonates; Jawbones; Jaws; Mandible; Maxilla; Osteochemonecrosis; Osteonecrosismedicine.diseaseDermatologySurgeryJawMaxillaOsteoporosisJawbonebusinessOsteonecrosis of the jawJaw Diseases
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Early Denosumab for the prevention of osteoporotic fractures in breast cancer women undergoing aromatase inhibitors: A case-control retrospective stu…

2021

BACKGROUND: Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) might have a detrimental impact on bone health in breast cancer (BC) women. Denosumab has been shown to reduce the risk of fractures, but the appropriate time for starting is yet to be clearly defined. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of early treatment with Denosumab (⩽ 12 months after starting AIs) compared to a delayed treatment in BC women. METHODS: In this retrospective case-control study, we included medical records of BC post-menopausal women, treated with AIs therapy; they were divided as: study group (starting Denosumab ⩽ 12 months after AIs) and control group (> 12 months). At the baseline (T0) and at 18 months (T1), we evaluated the lum…

Osteoporosisrisk of fracture0302 clinical medicineRetrospective StudieBone DensityOrthopedics and Sports Medicine030212 general & internal medicineAromataseOsteoporosis PostmenopausalbiologyBone Density Conservation AgentsAromatase InhibitorsSettore MED/34 - Medicina Fisica E RiabilitativaMedical recordRehabilitationMiddle Agedmedicine.anatomical_structureDenosumab030220 oncology & carcinogenesisOsteoporosis risk of fractures breast cancer denosumab bone healthFemaleDenosumabCase-Control StudieBreast NeoplasmHumanmedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyBone Density Conservation AgentPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationBreast NeoplasmsBone health03 medical and health sciencesbreast cancerBreast cancerInternal medicinemedicineAromatase InhibitorHumansbone healthFemoral neckAgedRetrospective Studiesrisk of fracturesbusiness.industryOsteoporosiRetrospective cohort studymedicine.diseaseCase-Control Studiesbiology.proteinbusinessOsteoporotic Fractures
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Probabilistic Selection Approaches in Decomposition-based Evolutionary Algorithms for Offline Data-Driven Multiobjective Optimization

2022

In offline data-driven multiobjective optimization, no new data is available during the optimization process. Approximation models, also known as surrogates, are built using the provided offline data. A multiobjective evolutionary algorithm can be utilized to find solutions by using these surrogates. The accuracy of the approximated solutions depends on the surrogates and approximations typically involve uncertainties. In this paper, we propose probabilistic selection approaches that utilize the uncertainty information of the Kriging models (as surrogates) to improve the solution process in offline data-driven multiobjective optimization. These approaches are designed for decomposition-base…

Pareto optimalitypareto-tehokkuusgaussiset prosessitGaussian processesevoluutiolaskentamonitavoiteoptimointiTheoretical Computer ScienceKrigingComputational Theory and Mathematicsmetamodellingsurrogatekernel density estimationkriging-menetelmäSoftware
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Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis. Application of adipose-derived stem cells in an experimental murine model

2019

Background Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is a pathological condition without effective established treatment and preventive strategies. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) in an experimental murine model of osteonecrosis. Material and Methods 38 Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with zoledronic acid. After treatment, upper jaw molars were extracted. The animals were randomly assigned to one of two groups. In the control group, saline solution was applied over the alveolar sockets after the tooth extractions. In the treatment group, ASCs were applied instead of saline solution. The control and treatment groups were s…

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentReviewBone remodelingMice03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineAnimalsRats WistarGeneral DentistryDental alveolusBisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jawBone Density Conservation AgentsDiphosphonatesbusiness.industryStem CellsImidazolesOsteonecrosis030206 dentistryBisphosphonate:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]medicine.diseaseRatsDisease Models AnimalBone Density Conservation AgentsZoledronic acidOtorhinolaryngologyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASTooth ExtractionBisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the JawSurgeryOral SurgeryStem cellbusinessOsteonecrosis of the jawmedicine.drugMedicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal
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Peri-implantitis-like medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: Clinical considerations and histological evaluation with confocal laser scanning m…

2021

Objective: In the recent years, an increasing number of peri-implant medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (PI-MRONJ) have been reported in literature, both in oncologic and osteoporotic patients. The aim of this study is to describe 19 cases of patients previously diagnosed as affected by peri-implantitis, who were treated for PI-MRONJ, with consideration on clinical and histopathological features. Materials and Methods: Patients included were affected by postmenopausal osteoporosis and were administered with different antiresorptive drugs. Due to the presence of clinical and radiological signs of peri-implantitis not healed after non-surgical periodontal treatment, they were referre…

Peri-implantitisConfocal laser scanning microscopeDentistryantiangiogenic drugs; antiresorptive drugs; bisphosphonates; medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw; peri-implantitis03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMedicineHumansantiresorptive drugsmedication-related osteonecrosis of the jawantiangiogenic drugsDental CareGeneral DentistryPathologicalbisphosphonatesWound HealingBone Density Conservation AgentsDiphosphonatesLS7_8business.industryAmbientale030206 dentistryDrug holidaymedicine.diseaseAntiresorptive DrugsOtorhinolaryngology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRadiological weaponBisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the JawImplantbusinessOsteonecrosis of the jawperi-implantitis
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The human peroxisome in health and disease: The story of an oddity becoming a vital organelle

2013

Abstract Since the first report by Rhodin in 1954, our knowledge on mammalian microbodies/peroxisomes has known several periods. An initial two decades period (1954–1973) has contributed to the biochemical individualisation of peroxisomes as a new class of subcellular organelles (de Duve, 1965). The corresponding research period failed to define a clear role of mammalian peroxisomes in vital functions and intermediary metabolism, explaining why feeling that peroxisomes might be in the human cell oddities has prevailed during several decades. The period standing from 1973 to nowadays has progressively removed this cell oddity view of peroxisomes by highlighting vital function and metabolic r…

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated ReceptorsDiseaseBiologyCell FractionationMicrobodiesBiochemistryPeroxisomal DisordersOrganellePeroxisomal disorderCentrifugation Density GradientPeroxisomesmedicineAnimalsHumansMicrobodyZellweger SyndromeOrganelle envelopeFatty AcidsGeneral MedicinePeroxisomeLipid Metabolismmedicine.diseaseCell biologyBiochemistryNuclear receptorMetabolic Networks and PathwaysFunction (biology)Biochimie
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In Vitro Release of Lectins From Phallusia mamillata Hemocytes After Their Fractionation on a Density Gradient

1993

Hemocytes were fractionated by centrifugation on a discontinuous Percoll density gradient from the hemolymph of Phallusia mamillata. Results obtained from microcultures of the fractionated hemocytes, sugar-inhibition experiments, SDS-PAGE, and immunoblotting indicate that “compartment cells” release cellular-type (CL) lectins that are specific for α-lactose and lactulose. The released lectins have the same properties as the CL lectins that were previously isolated from sonicated unfractionated hemocytes, but they differ in terms of some molecular and immunological properties from the lectins (SL) purified from the serum. SLs were never found in the supernatants from microcultures of the fra…

PhallusiabiologyDensity gradientfungiLectinGeneral MedicineFractionationbiology.organism_classificationMolecular biologyIn vitroHemolymphbiology.proteinAnimal Science and ZoologyCentrifugationTunicate hemocyte cells populationPercoll
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Lattice dynamics of CuAlO2 under high pressure fromab initio calculations

2007

The density functional perturbation theory is employed to study the vibrational properties of CuAlO 2 under pressure. The calculations are preformed using the pseudopotential wave method and the local density approximation for the exchange-correlation (XC) potential. The d electrons of Cu are treated as valence states. We present the phonon dispersion curves. Our results are in good agreement with the available experimental Raman scattering experiments. Ab initio calculations show the presence of a dynamical instability, possibly related with the experimentally observed phase transition.

Phase transitionValence (chemistry)Condensed matter physicsPhononChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPseudopotentialsymbols.namesakeAb initio quantum chemistry methodssymbolsProjector augmented wave methodLocal-density approximationRaman scatteringphysica status solidi (b)
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Models of Metal Clusters and Quantum Dots

2007

The electronic structure of simple metal clusters and quantum dots is studied on the basis of the density functional theory and simple models. It is demonstrated that single-particle models explain well the gross features of deformation and magnetism in small clusters, nuclei and quantum dots and that the local density approximation can give valuable information of the internal structure of the manybody state.

PhysicsBasis (linear algebra)Condensed matter physicsSimple (abstract algebra)Quantum dotMagnetismStructure (category theory)Density functional theoryElectronic structureLocal-density approximationCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect
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Correlation effects in the total energy, the bulk modulus, and the lattice constant of a transition metal: Combined local-density approximation and d…

2009

We present an accurate implementation of total-energy calculations into the local-density approximation plus dynamical mean-field theory $(\text{LDA}+\text{DMFT})$ method. The electronic structure problem is solved through the full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital and Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker methods with a perturbative solver for the effective impurity suitable for moderately correlated systems. We have tested the method in detail for the case of Ni, and investigated the sensitivity of the results to the computational scheme and to the complete self-consistency. It is demonstrated that the $\text{LDA}+\text{DMFT}$ method can resolve a long-standing controversy between the LDA/generalized …

PhysicsBulk modulusCondensed matter physicsElectronic structureSolverCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceLattice constantImpurityQuantum mechanicsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsStrongly correlated materialSensitivity (control systems)Local-density approximationPhysical Review B
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